Description

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (CAS: 616-91-1, Synonyms: ((S)-ALPHA-AMINO-2-NAPHTHALENEPROPIONIC ACID;RARECHEM BK PT 0097;N-ACETYL-3-MERCAPTOALANINE;N-ACETYL-L-(+)-CYSTEINE;N-ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE;N-ALPHA-ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE;AC-L-CYS-OH;ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE) is a biochemical reagent and pharmaceutical agent used primarily as an expectorant, commonly known by trade names such as Mucomyst or Acetylcysteine. It works by breaking down viscous sputum: the thiol (sulfhydryl) group in its molecular structure cleaves the disulfide bonds in mucoprotein polypeptide chains within thick mucus, leading to the decomposition of mucoproteins. This reduces the viscosity of the sputum, liquefying it and facilitating expectoration. It is indicated for patients with acute or chronic respiratory diseases who have difficulty expectorating thick sputum, as well as for critical conditions involving airway obstruction due to excessive mucus secretion.

◆Chemical Properties

Melting Point

106 - 108 °C (lit.)

Specific Rotation

-35.1 °C (c=2, H₂O)

Boiling Point

407.7 ± 40.0 °C (Predicted)

Bulk Density

730 kg/m³

Density

1.249 (estimate)

Vapor Pressure

0 Pa at 20 °C

Refractive Index

24 ° (C=JPC Method)

Storage Conditions

2 - 8 °C

Solubility

Solubility in water when heated: 100 mg/mL

Acid Dissociation Constant (pKa)

pK₁: 9.52 (30 °C)

Form

Solid

Color

White

pH Value

1.5 - 2.5 (20 °C, 100 g/L in H₂O)

◆Applications

Sr. No.	Description	Application
1	Mucolytic agent for respiratory conditions	Treatment of chronic bronchitis, COPD, and cystic fibrosis to reduce sputum viscosity and improve airway clearance
2	Antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent	Prevention of drug-induced liver injury (e.g., acetaminophen overdose) and support for chronic liver diseases
3	Precursor for glutathione synthesis	Adjunctive therapy in oxidative stress-related disorders and detoxification support
4	Adjuvant in inhalation therapies	Component of nebulized solutions for bronchiectasis and postoperative lung complication management
5	Research tool for prodrug and delivery systems	Development of thiol-based drug conjugates and enhanced bioavailability formulations

◆Product Specifications

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (CAS NO.616-91-1) should be handled according to standard chemical industry and pharmaceutical intermediate safety procedures. Appropriate industrial hygiene and protective measures must be followed during handling, storage and operation.

Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist and contact with skin, eyes and clothing
Handle in controlled, well-ventilated environments
Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames and hot surfaces
Protect from moisture and avoid contact with water
Follow chemical handling, storage and containment protocols
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed safety, handling and storage information

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