Microglia in such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease plays a key role, under pathological stimulation, microglia will "monitor" role transition to overactivated phenotype, however, proliferating microglia and its key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, researchers are not clear. Recently, one was published in the international journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences entitled " Cspg 4highmicroglia contribute to microgliosis during neurodegeneration " In the study report, Scientists from the Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that Microglia with high levels of Cspg 4 expression may be a novel cellular source of microgliosis during the development of neurodegenerative diseases, And the researchers have also revealed the molecular characteristics and functions of such microglia, Which would exhibit high levels of proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases, This may provide a novel pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
Research evidence strongly suggests that microglia in including Alzheimer's disease, a variety of neurodegenerative diseases plays a key role, once stimulated by pathology, microglia are quickly activated and migrate to the damaged brain parts, and activated microglia in neuroinflammation, protein deposition, and phagocytosis play an important role, abnormal activation of these cells is thought to significantly promote the opening and progression of human neurodegenerative diseases. Studies show that microglia can be used for early diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, however, during the origin of microglia activation is not clear, traditionally, the brain activated microglia from its own and bone marrow derived precursor cells, and understand its origin for control disorders of microglia activity is necessary.
In the article, the researchers identified microglia expressing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (Cspg 4, also known as nerve / glia antigen 2) as a particular group of microglia that may have proliferative potential during neurodegeneration. The researchers found that in Parkinson's disease mouse model Cspg 4 + microglia will increase, and the Cspg 4 + microglia transcriptomic analysis, the researchers found that Cspg 4 high level expression of microglia subgroup will show special transcriptomic characteristics, its main characteristic is the direct homologous cell cycle genes and responsible for neural inflammation and phagocytosis of gene expression level is reduced, its gene characteristics may be associated with known disease different microglia.
The appreciation of microglia expressing high levels of Cspg 4 was induced by pathological α -synuclein, and when transplanted in the brains of adult levels of Cspg 4 expression showed higher survival compared to Cspg 4-control individuals. Consistently, microglia expressed high levels of Cspg 4 in the brains of Alzheimer's disease, and expansion of the population in animal models of Alzheimer's disease.
In conclusion, the results show that microglia expressing high levels of Cspg 4 may be a new cell source of microglial proliferation during neurodegeneration, which may provide new clues and paths for later scientists to develop new therapies for human neurodegenerative diseases.
