At about 7:21 on November 17, 2020, an explosion occurred in Ji’an Haizhou Pharmaceutical and Chemical Co., Ltd. in the Futan Industrial Park, Jinggangshan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province, causing 2 deaths, 1 serious injury, and 5 minor injuries. hurt.
Recently, the cause of the accident was ascertained, and the Jiangxi Provincial Safety Commission Office notified the process and causes of the accident:
Ji'an Haizhou Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd. is mainly engaged in the production and sales of pharmaceutical intermediates. The main products are ethyl formate, p-toluene sulfonylurea, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, mehedralin naphthalene disulfonate, and cyclopropyl Methyl ketone, tert-butyl dimethyl chlorosilane, etc. involve chlorination and amination dangerous processes and constitute a third-level major hazard source.
The accident occurred in the 103 Class A workshop, which consists of two parts, one of which is a p-toluenesulfonylurea production facility, the main raw materials are p-toluenesulfonamide and sodium hydroxide, and the auxiliary materials are chlorinated benzene, urea and hydrochloric acid; the other part It is a waste liquid treatment facility. The explosion occurred in the waste liquid treatment area. The production process was 303 neutralization tank (2000L) to neutralize the waste liquid of p-toluene sulfonylurea (the waste liquid contained chlorinated benzene), and then the layer was transferred to the 302 tank after neutralization ( 2000L) Distillation was carried out. Because the temperature of the previous batch of materials in the 302 distillation kettle was not cooled just after the distillation, the temperature in the kettle was too high, and an explosion occurred when the employees started the vacuum pump to transfer the neutralized waste liquid to the 302 kettle.
Preliminary analysis of the reasons:
The p-toluene sulfonylurea waste liquid processed by the 303 kettle contains the solvent chlorinated benzene. The operator uses a vacuum pump to transfer the material to the 302 kettle. Because the previous batch of materials has not been cooled down after the distillation of the 302 kettle, the chlorination in the waste liquid Benzene is heated to form an explosive gas, and static electricity is generated during the transfer process to cause an explosion.
The accident fully exposed the following outstanding problems in the company:
First, the main responsibility of the enterprise is not in place. The main person in charge of the enterprise has a weak safety awareness, and has not implemented the statutory responsibilities specified in the "Safety Production Law", and organized the formulation of operating procedures for waste liquid treatment;
Second, the risk identification control is not in place. Insufficient understanding of the safety risks of the waste liquid treatment process, failure to identify risks and implement control measures, such as preparing process cards based on production characteristics, and regularly conducting training and assessment of operating procedures for post personnel;
Third, change management is not in place. There are many problems such as not strictly implementing the change management system and using idle equipment and facilities to distill waste liquid at will.
The Office of the Jiangxi Provincial Safety Committee stated that the "11·17" explosion accident of Ji'an Haizhou Pharmaceutical and Chemical Co., Ltd. occurred during the implementation of the "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening the Work Safety of Hazardous Chemicals" by the two central offices and the three-year development of hazardous chemicals. During the special rectification period, it has attracted great attention from the society and the impact is bad. In the future, Jiangxi Province will take effective and effective measures to resolutely curb the situation of frequent accidents.
1. In-depth implementation of special rectification of safety production
In-depth implementation of the three-year special rectification of hazardous chemical safety, speed up the progress of various tasks with the time node of 2020, and report and interview areas with slow progress. To carry out in-depth special rectification of small chemical industries, it is necessary to establish a complete list of illegal and illegal "small chemical industries", study and formulate targeted measures, classify and deal with them, and severely crack down. Intensively carry out special rectification of ammonium nitrate, and carry out comprehensive and in-depth investigations of hidden dangers for ammonium nitrate, sodium chlorate, potassium chlorate, nitrocellulose, nitrification enterprises and major hazard sources to prevent and contain accidents caused by major safety risks. The hidden safety hazards detected in the row shall be fully in accordance with the requirements of the "Catalogue for the Safety Classification and Rectification of Hazardous Chemicals Enterprises (2020)" and the "Catalogue for the Elimination of Outdated Hazardous Chemicals Safety Production Process Technology Equipment (First Batch)". Withholding the license, the suspension of production and business for rectification, the rectification within the time limit. Further standardize the safe production market order of hazardous chemical companies. At present, companies whose production licenses for hazardous chemicals have expired are required to complete the procedures within one month. If the certificate is not obtained within the time limit, all production will be suspended, and the emergency bureaus of the districts and cities will be responsible for implementation; those that have not expired, The expiration date stated in the enterprise license shall prevail, and production shall be suspended if the enterprise fails to renew the license upon expiration.
2. Effectively implement the main responsibility of the enterprise
Firmly grasp the "critical minority" of the main person in charge of the enterprise, and urge the main person in charge of the hazardous chemical production and operation unit to earnestly perform the duties of the first responsible person for production safety, improve the safety production management organization, and formulate and improve it in line with the actual situation and operation of the enterprise A strong production safety management system and post operation procedures ensure that the safety responsibilities of the main person in charge of the enterprise are in place. All enterprises must implement a dual prevention mechanism for hierarchical management and control of safety risks and hidden dangers investigation and management, carry out safety risk identification and assessment of key facilities, key locations, and key links, clarify risk points, risk levels, and risk types, and implement hierarchical control measures. Enterprises should strengthen daily safety training and education for employees, and every practitioner must fully understand and master the dangerous factors and preventive measures existing in the workplace, and effectively improve employees' safety skills and risk awareness.
3. Strengthen key supervision and strictly implement law enforcement measures
Before the end of November, all fine chemical enterprises in the province, including pharmaceutical intermediates, should report the source of their processes and the progress of small-scale, pilot, and industrialization tests to the local municipal emergency management department; any fraud in the report should be included in the fine chemical reaction safety The fine chemical production equipment within the scope of risk assessment but not evaluated shall be regarded as a major safety hazard and shall not be produced. Before the end of 2020, the production equipment and storage facilities involving hazardous processes, major hazard sources, flammable gas and toxic gas leak detection and alarm devices, emergency shut-off devices, hazardous process automation control, major hazard source monitoring and monitoring, safety instrument systems have not been implemented or put into use If used, stop production for rectification. Before the end of 2021, existing fine chemical production equipment involving nitrification, chlorination, fluorination, diazotization, and peroxide processes must complete the reaction safety risk assessment of the entire production process of the relevant product, and at the same time, the relevant raw materials, intermediate products, and products And by-products undergo thermal stability testing and risk assessment of unit operations such as distillation, drying, and storage. Those that are not completed within the time limit shall not be produced.
4. Strictly implement change management
An enterprise must establish and improve a change management system. Before implementing a change, the enterprise must organize professionals to identify and control various security risks in strict accordance with the change management requirements to ensure that the change is safe. For changes in the use of factories, warehouses, and storage tanks, professional and technical personnel shall be organized to analyze and design safety conditions, and the changes shall be reported to the emergency management department for record. Illegal and illegal construction, random construction, status quo and design special articles, random changes in production technology, raw materials should be regarded as the target of "fighting illegality" and resolutely crack down.
5. Do a good job in safety production at the end of the year
Companies should strengthen prevention and seriously carry out investigation and management of hidden dangers in response to the characteristics of cold weather, dry air, and frequent occurrences of severe weather such as wind, frost, fog, and snow in winter. At the same time, they must strengthen daily safety management, reasonable arrangements, and careful scheduling to avoid surprise production, Overload operation, etc. Special operations of enterprises must strictly implement the "Safety Regulations for Special Operations of Chemical Production Units" and must go through approval procedures. Before special operations, risk analysis should be carried out, permit tickets should be issued, and guardians should be set up on site. Hazardous chemicals business and storage enterprises must strictly implement hazardous chemical storage safety measures. Hazardous chemicals must be stored in special warehouses, special venues or special storage rooms. The storage methods, storage methods and storage quantities must comply with national standards and be managed by special personnel; At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the safety supervision of the filling and unloading of hazardous chemicals, and strictly review the qualifications of transport units, vehicles, drivers and escorts, and must be filled and shipped or unloaded under the premise of all safety production conditions. Under severe weather conditions, the vehicle must take corresponding safety measures before leaving the factory.
