Recently, China National Pharmaceutical Group has received exciting news. The new crown inactivated vaccine production workshop of the Beijing Institute of Biological Products of China has passed the joint biosafety inspection organized by the relevant state departments, and the vaccine has entered the third phase of clinical trials. Proceed to approve production.
According to reports, the vaccination can be divided into two injections. The first vaccination gives a protection rate of about 97%, and the second vaccination gives a protection rate of 100%.
Today, we will discuss vaccine production and some chemicals involved in the production process.
Vaccines are preparations made of pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolites through artificial attenuation, inactivation or genetic engineering. After it comes into contact with the human immune system, the human body can recognize and initiate an immune response against specific pathogens. Generally, common vaccines are divided into vaccines containing live microorganisms and vaccines not containing live microorganisms.
The production process of vaccines can be divided into virus inoculation and cultivation, virus harvest, virus inactivation, vaccine matching, freeze-drying and sub-packaging.
Virus inoculation and culture refers to inserting the virus into active cells and continuously culturing the cells to promote cell reproduction.
Virus harvest is the process of separating viruses or active substances from cells. It can be achieved by freezing and thawing multiple times, or by adding EDTA-trypsin.
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EDTA
Inactivation refers to the use of physical (heating) or chemical means to kill viruses, bacteria, etc., without damaging useful antigens in their bodies. Inactivated viruses no longer have physiological activity, so they lose their ability to infect, cause disease, and reproduce.
The more common inactivator is formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde can denature proteins and can also interact with the amino groups of nucleotides, which is not much different from the principle of carcinogenicity of formaldehyde.
formaldehyde
The seedling process is to prevent the effective substances from decomposing too quickly and to improve the characteristics of the vaccine. Some substances such as adjuvants, stabilizers, emulsifiers and preservatives are added. Adjuvants are compounds that can cause a strong non-specific immune response, which can improve the effectiveness of the vaccine. Stabilizers and emulsifiers can improve the use characteristics of vaccine products, such as solubility.
Adjuvant
Aluminum Phosphate
Squalene
Aluminum sulfate
stabilizer
Sorbitol
lactose
Emulsifier
Tween 80
preservative
Thimerosal
Phenoxyethanol
Chloroform
Someone may worry that the adjuvant in the vaccine will have a negative effect on the body.
In fact, there is no need to worry at all, as the saying goes:
Regardless of dose and toxicity, it's a hooligan!
The dose of the vaccine is only 4 mg, and the content of each adjuvant is much smaller than this. Therefore, in the case of small doses, the effects of additives on the human body are minimal.
